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Franklin Delano Roosevelt Wiki Biography

Franklin Delano Roosevelt (/ˈroʊzəvəlt/ ROH-zə-vəlt, his own pronunciation, or /ˈroʊzəvɛlt/ ROH-zə-velt) (January 30, 1882 – April 12, 1945), commonly known by his initials FDR, was an American statesman and political leader who served as the 32nd President of the United States. A Democrat, he was elected four times and served from March 1933 to his death in April 1945. He was a central figure in world events during the mid-20th century, leading the United States during a time of worldwide economic depression and total war. A dominant leader of the Democratic Party, he built a New Deal Coalition that realigned American politics after 1932, as his New Deal domestic policies defined American liberalism for the middle third of the 20th century.With the bouncy popular song “Happy Days Are Here Again” as his campaign theme, FDR defeated incumbent Republican Herbert Hoover in November 1932, at the depth of the Great Depression. Energized by his personal victory over polio, FDR used his persistent optimism and activism to renew the national spirit. Assisted by key aide Harry Hopkins, he worked closely with British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Soviet leader Joseph Stalin in leading the Allies against Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy and Imperial Japan in World War II.In his first hundred days in office, which began March 4, 1933, Roosevelt spearheaded major legislation and issued a profusion of executive orders that instituted the New Deal—a variety of programs designed to produce relief (government jobs for the unemployed), recovery (economic growth), and reform (through regulation of Wall Street, banks and transportation). The economy improved rapidly from 1933 to 1937, but then relapsed into a deep recession. The bipartisan Conservative Coalition that formed in 1937 prevented his packing the Supreme Court. For the rest of his days in office, it blocked all proposals for major liberal legislation (apart from a minimum wage law). It abolished many of the relief programs when unemployment practically vanished during the war. Most of the regulations on business continued in effect until they ended about 1975–1985, except for the regulation of Wall Street by the Securities and Exchange Commission, which still exists. Along with several smaller programs, major surviving programs include the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, which was created in 1933, and Social Security, which Congress passed in 1935.As World War II loomed after 1938, with the Japanese invasion of China and the aggression of Nazi Germany, FDR gave strong diplomatic and financial support to China and Great Britain, while remaining officially neutral. His goal was to make America the “Arsenal of Democracy,” which would supply munitions to the Allies. In March 1941, Roosevelt, with Congressional approval, provided Lend-Lease aid to the countries fighting against Nazi Germany with the United Kingdom. With very strong national support, he made war on Japan and Germany after the Japan IMDB Wikipedia $60 Million 1882 1882-1-30 1945-04-12 6′ 2″ (1.88 m) Aquarius Columbia Law School Editorial Department Eleanor Roosevelt Franklin D. Roosevelt Net Worth Franklin Delano Roosevelt Hyde Park January 30 Miscellaneous Crew New York U.S. Writer

Franklin Delano Roosevelt Quick Info

Franklin Delano Roosevelt Quotes

• Forests are the lungs of our land.
• [ to the Democratic Convention, 1936] This generation of Americans has a rendezvous with destiny.
• You know, I am a juggler and I never let my right hand know what my left hand does. I may have one policy for Europe and one diametrically opposite for North and South America. I may be entirely inconsistent, and furthermore I am perfectly willing to mislead and tell untruths if it will help win the war.
• The saving grace of America lies in the fact that the overwhelming majority are possessed of two great qualities–a sense of humor and a sense of proportion.
• When you see a rattlesnake poised to strike, you do not wait until he has struck you before you crush him.
• The ablest man I ever met is the man you think you are.
• The only limit to our realization of tomorrow will be our doubts of today.
• A radical is a man with both feet firmly planted in the air.
• There are as many opinions as there are experts.
• [answering a charge that he sent a navy destroyer to retrieve his dog] These Republican leaders are not content with attacks on me or on my wife or on my sons. No, not content with that, they now include my little dog Fala.
• I have seen war. I have seen war on land and on sea. I hate war!
• What I want to do is to create a country in which no one is left out.
• [after the attack on Pearl Harbor] No matter how long it may take us, the American people in their righteous might will win through to absolute victory.
• Yesterday, December 7th, 1941, a date which will live in infamy, the United States was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval forces of Japan.
• [from his First Inaugural Address, 1933] First of all, let my assert my firm belief, that the only thing we have to fear is fear itself . . .
• [final words] I have a terrific headache!

Franklin Delano Roosevelt Important Facts

• Declared the United States was in a state of war with Germany and Italy in his Fireside Chat on 9 December 1941, two days before Germany and Italy declared war on the US.
• Sent American forces to China early in 1941 without declaring war on Japan, and ordered the US armed forces to draw up covert plans to launch pre-emptive strikes on Japanese military bases.
• On 11 September 1941 Roosevelt gave a speech in which he publicly confirmed that all American ships had been ordered to fire on all Axis ships.
• When Winston Churchill addressed Britain’s House of Commons on April 17 1945, to pay tribute to the late President, his allusion to Roosevelt’s “affliction” and description of his life as a triumph “of will-power over physical infirmity” were discreet but rare public references to the President’s condition.
• He was a chain smoker.
• Imposed an economic embargo on the Empire of Japan in July 1941, which took effect in the following month.
• Officially ended any pretense at neutrality in World War II when Lend-Lease to the UK began in March 1941. It was extended it to the Soviet Union after the Axis invasion in June. Lend-Lease meant the US was effectively at war with the Axis Powers, despite not having formally declared war.
• His unsuccessful Republican opponents in 1936 and 1940 were opposite extremes in longevity: Alfred Landon, the Kansas governor who ran against Roosevelt in 1936 survived for more than half a century afterwards, dying in 1987 at the age of 100. Wendell Willkie, the corporate lawyer who ran against him in 1940 (having never held any public office before or after) died in October of 1944, before the end of the presidential term he had sought. (Coincidentally, Landon and Wilkie’s respective running mates, Frank Knox and Charles L. McNary, had both died earlier that same year).
• Depicted with Dr. Jonas Salk on the obverse of the USA’s March of Dimes silver dollar commemorative coin, dated and issued in 2015.
• An avid stamp collector, he was inducted into the American Philatelic Society Hall of Fame in 1945.
• According to writer Joe Eszterhas, Roosevelt wrote a 22-page treatment for a biopic of American naval hero John Paul Jones for Paramount Pictures that’s sitting in a records storage vault in Missouri.
• Godfather to Prince Michael of Kent, who was born on Independence Day in 1942. One of Prince Michael’s middle names is “Franklin”, in honor of the president.
• Spoke both French and German, albeit with a distinct New England accent. He also had a limited knowledge of Latin.
• Though his legs were severely weakened by polio, they were not completely paralyzed. They were able to move, but were so damaged that they could not support his weight under normal conditions. He was able to walk when underwater, or when equipped with leg braces.
• On the day of his funeral, all Parisian cinemas and “other places of entertainment” shut as a mark of respect.
• In his last will and testament, he named the Warm Springs Foundation the beneficiary of insurance policies totally $560,000. He left the remainder of his estate, valued at $1,900,000 to his wife, and on her death to their children.
• First cousin of Tennis Hall of Famer Ellen Crosby Roosevelt.
• Has been portrayed by Ralph Bellamy, Kenneth Branagh, Edward Herrmann, John Lithgow, Jason Robards, David Ogden Stiers, Robert Vaughn, Jon Voight, Christopher Plummer, Bill Murrayand voiced by Charlton Heston, and Roosevelt’s grandson James Roosevelt Jr..
• The sixth U.S. president to die in office. All presidents to have died in office since the first (William Henry Harrison in 1841) were elected 20 years apart: Harrison in 1840, Abraham Lincoln in 1860, James Garfield in 1880, McKinley in 1900, Warren G. Harding in 1920, Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1940, and John F. Kennedy in 1960. Ronald Reagan (elected 1980) was the victim of an assassin’s bullet in 1981, but he survived and broke the 120-year curse that had plagued the U.S. Presidency.
• President-elect Roosevelt was the target of an assassination attempt during a speech in Miami, Florida, on February 15, 1933, three weeks before he was to be inaugurated on March 4. Giuseppe Zangara, an unemployed bricklayer, shouted “Too many people are starving!” and fired six shots from a revolver at Roosevelt, who had just delivered a speech at Bayfront Park and was sitting in the back seat of his open touring car with Chicago Mayor Anton J. Cermak. Zangara’s shots hit five people, including Cermak, who was mortally wounded. However, Roosevelt was untouched and retained his composure, preventing the crowd from lynching the diminutive would-be assassin. His cousin Theodore Roosevelt also was the target of an assassination attempt during his unsuccessful third-party (Progressive or “Bull Moose” Party, as it was popularly known) campaign for the presidency in 1912. On October 14, 1912, he was shot during a campaign stop in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. With a bullet lodged in his chest and blood seeping through his clothes, Roosevelt nevertheless addressed the audience for 80 minutes, joking at one point that “It takes more than one bullet to kill a Bull Moose.” The coolness under fire of both men helped to contribute to their legends.
• Is one of only two men to appear on a major political party’s presidential ticket five times: the other is Richard Nixon. After an unsuccessful campaign as the Democratic nominee for vice president in 1920, F.D.R. won four successive presidential campaigns in 1932, 1936, 1940 and 1944. Republican stalwart Nixon won the vice presidency twice as Dwight D. Eisenhower’s running-mate in 1952 and 1956, but lost to Democrat John F. Kennedy in his first bid for the presidency in 1960. Nixon subsequently won two terms as president, defeating Democrats Hubert H. Humphrey and George McGovern in 1968 and 1972, respectively.
• A generation grew up from childhood into adulthood knowing no other president in the White House. When he died, the shock was so great that people remembered where they were when they heard the news for many years afterward, just as the assassination of John F. Kennedy was a seminal memory for the Baby Boom generation.
• He was a B-student at Harvard College, where he was a member of the cheerleading squad, served as business manager of the “Harvard Lampoon”, and was a member of the Hasty Pudding Club.
• Father of James Roosevelt and Congressman Franklin D. Roosevelt Jr..
• His lengthy presidency inspired the 22nd Amendment, which, ratified in 1951, limits a person to two elected terms (or a total of 10 years if a vice president succeeds to the presidency) as U.S. President. This amendment specifically exempted sitting-president Harry S. Truman, Roosevelt’s third vice president who had succeeded to the presidency upon FDR’s death in 1945. In his oral biography “Plain Speaking” by Merle Miller, Truman found the 22nd Amendment to be a source of amusement, as it had been promulgated by anti-Roosevelt Republicans, whom he had despised. If there had been no 22nd Amendment, Truman told Miller, Republican President Dwight D. Eisenhower (whom Truman also despised for toadying up to red-baiting Senator Joseph McCarthy during the 1952 Presidential campaign) surely would have won a third term in 1960.
• He and his cousin Theodore Roosevelt both served as assistant secretary of the Navy and Governor of New York and were vice presidential candidates before becoming President of the United States.
• His loyal Scotch terrier Fala was the first publicly adored Presidential pet. He became almost as big a celebrity as Roosevelt.
• He never appeared in public in his wheelchair. The only time he used it was at his home at Campabello or at the retreat in Warm Springs, Georgia. Only two photos of him in a wheelchair exist, both taken by a family member and neither released publicly until after his death.
• The vast majority of historians as well as the public consider him to be the greatest American President of the 20th century, for his leadership out of the Great Depression and through World War II.
• Shortly before he won the 1932 election, the Boston Braves lost their final pre-election football game. The Braves went on to become the Boston Redskins, and eventually the Washington Redskins. In all these incarnations, their fortune in the final pre-election game has always paralelled and predicted the fate of the incumbent party or nominee in the Presidential race. This pattern was unbroken until 2004, when President George W. Bush won the presidency, despite a Redskins loss.
• Winston Churchill said about his first meeting with Roosevelt that meeting him “was like opening a bottle of fine champagne.”
• Many efforts were made to conceal Roosevelt’s disability. When he was elected President in 1932 the general public had no knowledge of his ailment.
• When he was five years old, his family visited the White House and met President Grover Cleveland. The President put his hand on little Franklin’s head and said, “My little man, I am making a strange wish for you. It is that you may never be president of the United States.”
• On April 30, 1939, he appeared on experimental television station WX2AB in New York City, officiating over the opening of the 1939 New York World’s Fair, making him the first US President to appear on television.
• Seventh cousin once removed of Winston Churchill.
• Fourth cousin three times removed of President Zachary Taylor.
• Fourth cousin once removed of President Ulysses S. Grant.
• Fifth cousin once removed of wife Eleanor Roosevelt.
• Fifth cousin of President Theodore Roosevelt.
• Pictured on the 6¢ US postage stamp in the Prominent Americans series, issued 29 January 1966.
• Pictured on a memorial series of 4 US postage stamps, issued 27 June 1945 (3¢ face value), 26 July 1945 (1¢), 24 August 1945 (2¢), and 30 January 1946 (5¢).
• Once submitted a screenplay treatment for a film about a naval battle, but it was rejected by the movie studios. However, he did come up with a story about a millionaire faking his death and starting a new life. Several prominent writers got together and wrote a novel based on that premise, and when it was made into a film in 1936, The President’s Mystery (1936), Roosevelt got screen credit for the story.
• He died while posing for a portrait. In the midst of the session he left, complaining of a headache. His last words were “I have a terrific headache”.
• His wife, Eleanor Roosevelt, was a niece of U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt.
• His likeness appears on the U.S. 10-cent coin, known numismatically as the Roosevelt Dime. The dime was chosen because Roosevelt was honorary chairman of the March of Dimes charity, which fought the polio that had robbed him of movement in his legs. Years later, after the death of former President Ronald Reagan, a movement arose among conservative Republicans–who had always hated Roosevelt and his policies–to replace Roosevelt with Reagan on the dime. That movement was squashed by Reagan’s widow Nancy Reagan Reagan, who pointed out that Roosevelt had been her husband’s political hero when he was a young man (and a self-described “heliophiliac liberal” in the 1940s).
• Was U.S. President from 1933-1945, first elected in 1932, defeating sitting President Herbert Hoover, and then re-elected in 1936 over Kansas Governor Alf Landon by the greatest electoral college landslide until Lyndon Johnson’s victory over Barry Goldwater in 1964. Breaking with the “No Third Term” tradition established by George Washington, he ran in 1940, beating Wendell Willkie, and again in 1944, beating Republican Party stalwart Thomas E. Dewey in his first presidential bid. (Dewey later lost to Roosevelt’s successor as President, New- and Fair-Dealer Harry S. Truman, in the spectacular upset of 1948.).
• Was elected New York Governor in 1928 and in 1930
• Suffered poliomyelitis in 1921, and lost the ability to walk on his own. He wore heavy leg braces and when he appeared in public standing on his feet (which took a massive effort) he was usually supported by someone (most often his son).
• Democratic Vice Presidential running mate to James Cox in 1920. They lost to Republicans Warren G. Harding and Calvin Coolidge.
• Assistant Secretary of the Navy from 1913 until 1920.
• Member of the New York Senate from 1910 until 1913.
• Worked in public advocacy from 1907 until 1910.
• The 32nd President of the United States, and the only one to serve more than two terms; he died three months after beginning his fourth term.

Franklin Delano Roosevelt Filmography